Colorectal cancer research papers

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Clinical and treatment-related predictors of complete response after total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer in a large multicenter analysis. reports: Complete response (CR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in rectal cancer is linked to favorable local control and enables non-operative management (NOM). Achieving high CR rates is crucial. As no standard TNT protocol exists, we aimed to assess the impact of clinical factors and different protocols on CR rates.

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Adherence to perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in cancer surgeries: A single-center retrospective study from Oman. reports: Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) is essential for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs), particularly in oncology patients. However, adherence to SAP guidelines globally remains inconsistent. This study evaluated adherence to SAP protocols at a tertiary oncology center and assessed associated factors with non-adherence and SSI outcomes.

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Regional inequalities in mortality from colorectal cancer and its indirect economic impact in Brazil from 2001 to 2030: a human capital approach study. reports: Brazil contributes to 41% of colorectal cancer (CRC) deaths in Latin America. CRC is the second most incident cancer among males and females in Brazil, with wide regional variation. We aimed to estimate the years of potential life lost (YPLL) and the productivity lost due to mortality from CRC by region, between 2001 and 2030.

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Gut fungal landscape in colorectal cancer and its cross-kingdom interplay with gut microbial ecology. reports: The gut microbiota is a key hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC), yet gut fungi remain understudied. We characterized the gut fungal landscape and its associations with bacteria, metabolites, and trace elements in CRC using fecal samples from healthy controls ( n = 401), colorectal polyp patients ( n = 162), and CRC patients ( n = 253). Fungal annotation was performed using genomic data from NCBI (PRJNA833221) as reference.

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Integrating thermal liquid biopsy, clinical data, and mass spectrometry for early diagnosis and biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer. reports: Early detection of colorectal cancer is essential to improving survival, where yet current diagnostic tools show limited performance. This study aimed to enhance diagnostic accuracy by integrating clinical variables with thermogram profiles obtained through serum-based thermal liquid biopsy and analyzed using machine learning models. We evaluated 328 patients with colorectal cancer and 355 symptomatic individuals with non-organ-specific cancer signs but negative diagnostic evaluations, to reproduce clinically relevant decision settings.

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Proteomic profiling identifies prognostic signature for Krukenberg tumor of gastrointestinal origin. reports: Krukenberg tumor (KT) primarily originates from the stomach and colorectum, but reliable biomarkers for distinguishing KT from other tumors at the same sites and predicting ovarian metastasis remain lacking. Using pressure cycling technology (PCT) and data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry, we analyzed 263 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, identifying 10,837 proteins. The results revealed distinct proteomic signatures from the primary gastrointestinal lesions of KT.

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Evaluating the Cost of Genomic Testing for Biomarker-Driven Therapies in Oncology. reports: Genomic profiling is used in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of malignancies. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach that can test multiple genes simultaneously, potentially saving time, money, and sample material. Costs associated with genomic profiling could be a prohibitive barrier to the widespread implementation of genomic testing in routine clinical practice.

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Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy after total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: Dose-response relationship and impact on quality of life. reports: Oxaliplatin-based regimens are increasingly used in total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for locally advanced rectal cancer, frequently causing dose-limiting chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), whose extent and impact on health-related quality of life (HrQoL) remain insufficiently characterized. The optimal duration and intensity of chemotherapy within TNT for tumor response and toxicity remain unclear. This retrospective multicenter study (DRKS00033000) assessed the dose-response relationship of CIPN with cumulative oxaliplatin dose (cOXAd) and its impact on HrQoL.

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A nationwide population-based cohort study of hospital academic status and survival following colorectal cancer surgery in Finland 1987-2016. reports: There is a lack of evidence regarding hospital academic status and survival following colorectal cancer surgery and there is a paucity of data from European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate this association between hospital academic status and mortality after colon and rectal cancer surgery. All 49 032 patients who underwent resection for colorectal cancer in years 1987-2016 in Finland were included, with complete follow-up until December 31, 2019.

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Machine learning-based cfDNA fragmentation profiling using automated capillary electrophoresis for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. reports: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant clinical challenge due to the limited sensitivity of current surveillance tools, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and ultrasound. Recently, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentation analysis has shown promise in cancer detection; however, current sequencing-based approaches remain costly and unsuitable for large-scale screening. Here, we introduce a predictive model for early HCC detection called "CEliver" (CfDNA-based automated capillary Electrophoresis method for Liver cancer screening), a model leveraging high-dimensional fragmentation profiling from the intensity distribution of cfDNA fragment lengths using automated capillary electrophoresis.

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Metastatic breast cancer presenting with dyspeptic symptoms: a case report. reports: Breast cancer is among the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. While distant metastases typically involve the bone, lung, liver, and brain, metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon and occurs disproportionately in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). The clinical presentation is often nonspecific, which can delay diagnosis.

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The Effectiveness of Tailored Messaging Interventions to Promote Cancer Screening Adherence: A Systematic Review. reports: Promoting adherence to cancer screenings through effective communication campaigns is critical for the prevention and early detection of cancer, significantly enhancing patients' health outcomes. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of tailored messaging interventions in promoting screenings for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer. Randomized controlled trials conducted between January 2000 and August 2025, which personalized the intervention content based on at least one tailored psychological variable and measured screening intention or behavior as outcome variables, were included.

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Volume-Outcome Relationships in Total Mesorectal Excision Quality and Grading: A National Cancer Database Study. reports: Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the surgical standard for mid-to-low rectal cancer, and the Commission on Cancer Standard 5.7 requires documentation of TME grade. The aim of our study was to describe national variation in TME grading and quality. This was a multicenter retrospective cohort of 5033 patients within the National Cancer Database who underwent TME for rectal adenocarcinoma in 2022, the first year TME quality is available.

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Discovery and Preclinical Evaluations of Potent, Selective, and Allosteric Covalent WRN Inhibitors with Improved PK Properties. reports: Werner syndrome helicase (WRN) has received significant interest due to its implication as a synthetic lethal target in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers. Here we report the discovery of a novel allosteric covalent WRN inhibitor, compound 22 , via structure-based medicinal design and pharmacokinetic optimization from VVD-214. Compound 22 occupied a new cavity and formed an additional hydrogen bond with K894, thereby improving its activities.

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Magnetic graphene-based ferrite nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and anti-proliferative activity against some human cancer cells ( in vitro study). reports: This work introduces a novel soft magnetic building block (GCM), based on reduced graphene oxide covalently functionalized with Congo red molecules and incorporated with barium ferrite nanoparticles, creating a promising multifunctional platform for future magnetically controlled nanorobotic systems for potential cancer therapy and diagnosis nanodevices. The sol-gel auto-combustion method was used for the synthesis of pure barium ferrite (M) and in situ synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-barium ferrite nanoconjugate (GM). Physicochemical characterization techniques were used for identification, including infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, size distribution analysis, and ζ -potential analysis.

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Cerebrovascular Malformations Associated With Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia and HHT-Like Syndromes: A Comparative Overview. reports: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disorder marked by mucocutaneous telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, and visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Neurologic risks include brain AVMs and hemorrhagic stroke. Several rare genetic and sporadic syndromes ("HHT-like" syndromes) share overlapping vascular features, complicating diagnosis.

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Metastatic high-grade undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma: A case report from Sub-Saharan Africa. reports: Undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma (UDOC) is an exceptionally rare and highly aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for less than 1% of cases and infrequently reported in the literature, particularly in resource-limited settings. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of metastatic UDOC from Sub-Saharan Africa. We report a case of high-grade UDOC in a 63-year-old postmenopausal woman presenting to a tertiary referral center in Northern Tanzania with a one-year history of progressive abdominal pain, distension, early satiety, and weight loss.

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The Impact of Time Interval to Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy on Oncological Outcomes: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study on Rectal Cancer Patients. reports: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has been shown to improve prognosis in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, there is still debate regarding the optimal time of surgery following nCRT. This exploratory study aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in oncological outcomes between patients with LARC who undergo surgery within 6 weeks of nCRT and those who wait longer than 6 weeks.

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The uncoordinated-5 homologue A is a key receptor in netrin-ligand-mediated fast-twitch myotube formation in male mice. reports: Myoblasts autonomously govern myofiber-type specification of newly formed myotubes through autocrine-paracrine-dependent manners mediated by multipotent modulators. Netrin-1, which is particularly produced in myoblasts isolated from the extensor digitorum longus (EDL; fast-twitch myofiber-abundant) rather than the soleus (slow-twitch myofiber-abundant), and netrin-4, which is abundantly expressed during myogenic differentiation initiation, stimulate the synthesis of fast-type myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms. However, the mechanisms by which netrin-1 and netrin-4 promote fast-twitch myotube formation remain unclear.

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Paraneoplastic Pemphigus and Liver Biopsy Needle Track Dissemination in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report. reports: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and aggressive liver cancer, typically arising in cirrhotic livers but can also occur in the absence of cirrhosis. Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder mostly linked to hematologic malignancies; its association with HCC is extremely uncommon and poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly due to the need for immunosuppression in PNP management, which may limit systemic cancer therapies. We report an 80-year-old male with no prior liver disease presenting with painful oral erosions, weight loss, and hepatomegaly.

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A Case of Persistent Diarrhea and Fevers Uncovering Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. reports: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer-related mortality in the United States and remains a substantial public health challenge worldwide. Although screening modalities have proven efficacy in reducing both incidence and mortality, adherence to these preventive measures is still suboptimal. We present a Hispanic man in his early 50s with no prior screening who developed CRC.

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Artificial intelligence driven multi-omics framework identifies COL6A3 as a diagnostic biomarker and a putative gene target modulated by Embelin in Colorectal cancer. reports: The third leading cause of death worldwide is colorectal cancer due to a lack of early detection biomarkers and therapeutic small molecules. Advances in systems biology offer a combination of multi-omics and Artificial intelligence to discover the potential biomarkers and targets. We used a combination of in silico and in vitro methodologies to identify potential biomarkers and a putative mediator of Embelin in colon cancer treatment.

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Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients infected with Shewanella species at a tertiary hospital in Hefei City, China: a retrospective analysis. reports: Shewanella species ( Shewanella spp.) were emerging and rare pathogens. Very few studies had focused on Shewanella spp. infection due to its low incidence.

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Clinical progress and technological innovations in sphincter-preserving treatment for ultra-low rectal cancer. reports: Ultra-low rectal cancer (defined as a tumor located within 5 cm from the anal verge) poses unique challenges owing to its distinctive anatomical location, necessitating an optimal balance between oncologic safety and functional preservation. This review focuses on the clinical progress and technological innovations in sphincter-preserving management for ultra-low rectal cancer and is organized within a hierarchical framework encompassing oncologic/anatomical principles, surgical procedures, operative approaches/platforms, specimen-extraction strategies, and multimodal therapy. We first outline plane-based resection principles centered on total mesorectal excision (TME) and key aspects of margin quality control.

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Curcumin enhances GSDME-mediated pyroptosis to potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in colorectal cancer. reports: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with a microsatellite-stable (MSS) status exhibit poor responsiveness to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Pyroptosis induction may resensitize MSS tumors to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade; however, the expression of GSDME, a key executor of pyroptosis, is often downregulated in CRC. Here, curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol, was identified as a potentiator of GSDME-dependent pyroptosis in CRC.

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Differential effect of Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis on modulation of specific partial-EMT genes in colorectal cancer cells. reports: While the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to promote cancer stemness and metastasis, a hybrid partial EMT (p-EMT) state has recently been identified. This study examined the influence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) on p-EMT gene expression and their prognostic relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC). HCT 116 cells were infected with Fn or Pg at an MOI of 100.

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Efficacy and safety of 3-month versus 6-month oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. reports: The optimal duration of oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) remains uncertain. Although a 3-month regimen may reduce toxicity, particularly peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN), its effect on long-term survival is unclear. This study systematically compared the efficacy and safety of 3 versus 6 months of oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II-III CRC patients.

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Feasibility of repeat non-exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection of recurrent or residual colonic adenoma after previous full-thickness resection. reports: Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) can be used to treat recurrent or residual colorectal adenomas. No data are available on treatment of recurrences after EFTR, especially on feasibility and safety of repeat EFTR (re-EFTR). This single-center retrospective study included patients who underwent device-assisted non-exposed re-EFTR in the colorectum.

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Gastrointestinal adverse events following brentuximab vedotin and polatuzumab vedotin therapy. reports: Brentuximab vedotin (BV) and polatuzumab vedotin (PV), CD30-specific and CD79b-specific monoclonal antibody conjugates, respectively, are used in the treatment of hematologic cancers. Both have been observed to cause gastrointestinal adverse events (GI AEs). We aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, disease course, treatment, and outcomes of patients who developed GI AEs following treatment with BV or PV.

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Improving the Accuracy of Endoscopic Measurements of the Size of Gastrointestinal Lesions by a Guidewire Scale. reports: Using an endoscope to accurately measure the size of a lesion is crucial for assessing the healing process and determining the treatment strategies for the stage of the cancer. Visual estimation of the lesion size is commonly used, but this is often inaccurate. To address this issue, a guidewire scale was developed to measure lesion size and improve accuracy at a practical level.

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National Patterns of Biomarker Testing in Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancers: Insights From the NIH All of Us Research Program. reports: Biomarker testing is central to precision oncology, yet real-world implementation across cancer types and populations remains inconsistent. Social determinants of health (SDoH) may influence testing uptake and exacerbate disparities in access to targeted therapies. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Version 7 of the NIH All of Us Research Program Curated Data Repository.

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Neoplasia outcomes following colonoscopy for Lynch syndrome at a dedicated center vs. community centers. reports: The European Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommends Lynch syndrome patients be followed in centers that monitor compliance and measure endoscopic performance. It is unclear if this policy impacts neoplasia outcomes. We investigated whether neoplasia outcomes were better at a dedicated center vs.

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Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio for prognostication in immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated cancer patients: a meta-analysis of 13027 patients highlighting nivolumab-responsive renal cell carcinoma. reports: To assess platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) prognostic utility for overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated cancer patients, and examine impacts of geography, cancer type, cutoff, ICI class, treatment line and stage. A systematic literature search identified studies investigating PLR and prognosis in ICI treated patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models.

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Rates of colorectal surgery in patients with non-malignant colorectal polyps: Results from a nationwide study. reports: Despite advances in endoscopic techniques, many colorectal surgeries in the United States are still performed for non-malignant colorectal polyps (NMCRPs). This study evaluated trends, demographic variations, and outcomes of surgeries for NMCRPs among all colorectal surgeries over the past decade. Using the TriNetX nationwide database, we identified adults (≥ 18 years of age) who underwent colectomy or proctectomy for NMCRPs or colorectal cancer between 2013 and 2023.

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Resection combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study. reports: Spontaneous tumor rupture is a unique and life-threatening presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The optimal postoperative management of patients with spontaneously ruptured HCC (srHCC) remains controversial. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been proposed to reduce peritoneal dissemination, but its clinical benefit in srHCC is uncertain.

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Resection of large, broad-based pedunculated and semi-pedunculated colorectal polyps using a scissor-type endoscopic submucosal dissection knife. reports: Endoscopic resection of large, broad-based pedunculated and semi-pedunculated polyps can be technically difficult. Conventional snare resection risks immediate bleeding and piecemeal excision. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a scissor-type endoscopic submucosal dissection (ST-ESD) knife for these lesions.

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Safety and efficacy of fully-covered self-expandable metal stent placement for refractory stomal stenosis. reports: Stomas, critical in managing various gastrointestinal conditions, can lead to complications like stomal stenosis, affecting 2% to 15% of patients and causing significant morbidity. Traditional treatments such as balloon dilation and surgical revisions often fail to provide lasting relief. This study investigated a novel, minimally invasive approach using fully-covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMSs) to address refractory stomal stenosis effectively.

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Successful occlusion of a bronchobiliary fistula using percutaneous microwave ablation: a case report. reports: Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is an exceptionally rare and complex clinical entity that involves abnormal communication between the biliary system and the bronchial tree. This article presents the first reported case of BBF successfully occluded with percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA). A 35-years-old female with primary colon cancer developed BBF after PMWA for liver metastasis and presented with bilioptysis that persisted despite conventional antibiotic therapy and drainage.

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Utility of a novel sheath designed for mapping biopsy for preoperative malignant hilar biliary obstruction. reports: Mapping biopsy (MB) aids in diagnosing superficial mucosal spread of biliary tract cancer. However, conventional MB is technically challenging, which can reduce the diagnostic yield. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of MB using the newly developed Endosheather (ES) (Piolax, Tokyo, Japan).

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Nutritional status and dietary needs of patients before the initiation of treatment for gastrointestinal cancers. reports: <b>Introduction:</b> Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and are associated with poor prognosis. An accurate assessment of nutritional status prior to the initiation of cancer treatment significantly influences both treatment effectiveness and patient tolerance.<b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the nutritional status and dietary needs of patients with gastrointestinal cancers before the start of oncological therapy.<b>Material and methods:</b> A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 361 patients diagnosed with gastric, pancreatic, or colorectal cancer, who received dietary consultations prior to the initiation of cancer therapy in outpatient clinics in the Lesser Poland (2022-2024). The evaluation included body mass index (BMI), the Nutritional Risk Screening scale (NRS 2002), selectively available biochemical parameters, and the dietary interventions recommended.<b>Results:</b> A high risk of malnutrition (NRS &#x2265; 3) was identified in 62% of patients, most commonly among those with pancreatic cancer (77%) and gastric cancer (72%).

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Sex differences in bile acid homeostasis and excretion underlie the disparity in liver cancer incidence between males and females. reports: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common liver cancer, exhibits a higher incidence in males. Here, we report that mice lacking the bile acid regulators, Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) and Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP), recapitulate the sex difference in liver cancer risk. Since few therapeutic options are available, we focused on understanding the intrinsic protection afforded to female livers. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Spatially defined multicellular functional units in colorectal cancer revealed from single cell and spatial transcriptomics reports: While advances in single cell genomics have helped to chart the cellular components of tumor ecosystems, it has been more challenging to characterize their specific spatial organization and functional interactions. Here, we combine single cell RNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics by Slide-seq, and in situ multiplex RNA analysis, to create a detailed spatial map of healthy and dysplastic colon cellular ecosystems and their association with disease progression. We profiled inducible genetic CRC mouse models that recapitulate key features of human CRC, assigned cell types and epithelial expression programs to spatial tissue locations in tumors, and computationally used them to identify the regional features spanning different cells in the same spatial niche. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Crosstalk between Proline Hydroxylation and Histidine Methylation Regulates Actin-Dependent Cell Mobility Control reports: Actin filaments generate intrinsic forces that are essential for cell motility. This process is tightly regulated by various posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation, arginylation, and oxidation. However, the role of actin hydroxylation in regulating its dynamics remains poorly understood. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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24-hour Physical Activity, Sedentary, and Sleep Profiles in Individuals with Cancer: A UK Biobank Cohort Study reports: BackgroundThe 24h behaviour profile, including physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep, is disrupted following a cancer diagnosis and contributes to cancer-related outcomes. This study describes the 24h behaviour profiles of individuals with and without cancer. MethodsSeven days of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank (M{+/-}SDage = 62.3 {+/-} 7.8y; 56.4% female) were derived by machine learning models to assess the 24h behaviour profile in individuals with cancer (n = 10 152; M{+/-}SDyears since diagnosis = 7.4 {+/-} 6.1y) compared to individuals without cancer at their accelerometry measurement (including individuals with other conditions [n = 66 403], and healthy [n = 14 726]). This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Ethnicity-specific molecular alterations in MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways in early-onset colorectal cancer reports: Background/ObjectivesEarly-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed before the age of 50, has been increasing in incidence, particularly among Hispanic/Latino (H/L) populations. Despite this trend, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving EOCRC disparities remain poorly understood. The MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways play critical roles in tumor progression, proliferation, and treatment response; however, their involvement in ethnicity-specific differences in EOCRC remains unclear. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Potential and Limitations of the MinION Nanopore array for miRNA-Enabled Early Cancer Detection. reports: The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the pioneers who reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate and direct the switch between physiological and pathological pathways via their over- or under-expression. The discovery has not yielded any health benefit primarily due to raw data with no clear distinction between healthy and diseased blood samples. MiRNAs exist at femtomolar level in biological fluids, and typically quantified using amplification-based techniques. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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AI-HOPE: An AI-Driven conversational agent for enhanced clinical and genomic data integration in precision medicine research reports: Introduction: The increasing complexity of clinical cancer research necessitates the development of automated tools capable of integrating clinical and genomic data while accelerating discovery efforts. Artificial Intelligence agent for High-Optimization and Precision mEdicine (AI-HOPE) is introduced as an innovative conversational AI platform powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), designed to empower domain experts to perform integrative data analyses through natural language input, eliminating the need for programming expertise. AI-HOPE offers robust analytical capabilities, enabling the generation of actionable insights in clinical and translational research. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Assessment of MYC Gene and WNT Pathway Alterations in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Hispanic/Latino Patients Using Integrated Multi-Omics Approaches reports: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased at an alarming rate amongst younger (< 50 years) individuals. Such early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been particularly notable within the Hispanic/Latino population. Yet, this population has not been sufficiently profiled in terms of two critical elements of CRC -- the MYC proto-oncogene and WNT signaling pathway. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Effects of Socioeconomic Status in Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Clinical Outcome Differences Among Asian American Populations: A Systematic Review reports: IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the Asian American and Pacific Islander (API) population, a diverse and rapidly growing minority group in the US. Race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) are known to impact outcomes of CRC, but the relationship is unclear in the context of the Asian American cohort and its diverse subgroups. This systemic review aims to gain insight into the relationship between the incidence and clinical outcomes of CRC in the Asian American community. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Geographic and age-related variations in mutational processes in colorectal cancer reports: Colorectal cancer incidence rates vary geographically and have changed over time. Notably, in the past two decades, the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer, affecting individuals under the age of 50 years, has doubled in many countries. The reasons for this increase are unknown. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Lipid peroxidation and colorectal cancer risk: a time-varying relationship reports: ImportanceWe recently observed an inverse and time-dependent association between systemic oxidative stress (OxS), measured by urinary biomarkers of nucleic acid oxidation, and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Further investigations into other types of OxS markers are warranted. ObjectiveTo extend the investigation into systemic lipid peroxidation and CRC risk. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Cancer risks for MSH6 pathogenic variant carriers reports: IntroductionLynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by (likely) pathogenic variants (LP/P) in DNA mismatch repair genes, including MSH6. It is associated with elevated lifetime risks for colorectal cancer (CRC), endometrial cancer (EC), and other malignancies. However, cancer risks specific to MSH6-associated LS, particularly for non-colorectal cancers, remain poorly defined. This is a preprint and not peer reviewed.

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Effects of contrast medium injection pressure on angiographic image quality. reports: To evaluate if higher contrast medium injection pressure can improve image quality of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in liver-directed interventions. Prospective single-center study including twelve patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( n &#x2009;=&#x2009;11) or liver metastases ( n &#x2009;=&#x2009;1) undergoing intra-arterial therapies to systematically compare DSA image quality (primary endpoint) and radiation exposure (secondary endpoint) using two microcatheters with maximum application pressures 750 ("C750") and 1,200 PSI ("C1200"). Patients underwent two DSAs with both microcatheters placed in the common hepatic artery.

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Unveiling the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer therapeutic resistance. reports: Therapeutic resistance remains a major barrier to effective treatment in colorectal cancer (CRC), where the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in modulating responses to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. This review synthesizes current evidence on how cellular and non-cellular TME components contribute to resistance mechanisms in CRC. Key immune cells, including T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, orchestrate immunosuppressive networks that impair drug efficacy.

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